Johnson's Baby Powder Classic Scent 22 Oz. (Pack of 3)
From offscreen friendships and jarring pay inequality to the special effects and makeup tricks that brought some of the world's favorite film characters to life, The Wizard of Oz (1939) had and so much going on behind the emerald curtain and the Technicolor gloss of an amazing fantasy world.
In honor of the 80th anniversary of the film, follow the yellow brick slideshow to peek behind that curtain and learn more than about the secrets and fun facts that brand the beloved film a timeless classic.
Margaret Hamilton Was a Fan Earlier the Film
As a cocky-proclaimed lifelong fan of L. Frank Baum's Oz series, Margaret Hamilton was thrilled to exist considered for a role in the 1939 film adaptation. Hamilton chosen her agent to ask which character the producers wanted her to play, and her agent famously said, "The witch — who else?"
Hamilton, a single mother, fought MGM for an agreed upon amount of guaranteed work fourth dimension. Iii days before filming began, the studio agreed to a five-week deal. In the end, Hamilton was on set for three months, but many of her scenes were cut for beingness too scary for audiences.
Sure, Dorothy Gale doesn't demand prosthetics or aluminum makeup, but that doesn't hateful Judy Garland wasn't put through the costume department wringer. Although she was young at the time, the sixteen-year-old Garland had to wear a corset-like device and so she looked more than like a preadolescent child.
Director Richard Thorpe suggested Garland wear a blonde wig and loads of "baby-doll" makeup (as any preadolescent girl would…). Luckily, that vision of the grapheme changed. After MGM fired Thorpe, the intermediate managing director George Cukor nixed the heavy makeup and wig. Instead, he told Garland to be herself. Smart motion.
The "Skywriting" Scene Employed Some Swell Moving picture Magic
The Sorcerer of Oz employs a lot of great film tricks, and some of the most unique were used in the skywriting scene. In it, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) flies above the Emerald City, leaving the phrase "Surrender Dorothy" in her wake in black smoke.
Using a hypodermic needle, the special effects squad spread black ink across the bottom of a glass tank that was filled with a thick, tinted liquid (some speculate milk). They wrote the phrase in reverse and filmed the scene from below. Initially, the skywriting ended with the ominous "Or Die — W West W."
The "Snowfall" in the Poppy Field Was Actually Dangerous
One of the Wicked Witch's final-ditch efforts to impede Dorothy'southward quest to meet the Wonderful Sorcerer of Oz involves a poppy field and some magical sleep-inducing snow. While many like to joke that the poppies and their drowsiness are the result of opium (a component of poppies), the scene has a much more blatant toxic connection than that.
All that magical snow? It's actually 100% industrial-grade chrysotile asbestos. Even though the health risks associated with the material were known at the fourth dimension, it was still Hollywood's preferred choice for faux snow. Our advice to Dorothy? Don't catch any snowflakes on your tongue.
Scarecrow'due south Makeup Stuck Effectually for Awhile
In the end, Ray Bolger (Scarecrow) was probably grateful in more ways than one for Buddy Ebsen (the original Can Human'south) willingness to trade parts with him. The Tin Man's aluminum makeup caused a huge amount of problems for Ebsen, who was replaced by Jack Haley.
Although Bolger's makeup feel was ameliorate than Ebsen'south, he still had some issues. The Scarecrow'southward makeup consisted of a safe prosthetic, complete with a woven pattern that mimicked the expect of burlap. After the picture wrapped, the prosthetic left patterns on Bolger's face that took more than a yr to fade.
Margaret Hamilton Was Burned On Set
In a outburst of flames and reddish smoke, the Wicked Witch (Margaret Hamilton) vanishes from Munchkinland. Although the scene is terrifying for viewers, it may have instilled more than fear for Hamilton. On the first have, the smoke rose from a hidden trapdoor besides early.
For the 2nd take, Hamilton stood on the trapdoor as planned, but her cape snagged on the platform when the fire flared up. Her copper-containing makeup heated up instantly, causing second- and 3rd-caste burns on her easily and face. To make matters worse, the crew tried to remedy her burns with (an even more painful) acetone solvent.
The Flight Monkeys Became Falling Monkeys
The Wicked Witch's legion of flying monkeys — or Winged Monkeys every bit they're called in the source cloth — accept certainly been a source of terror for generations. Almost as scary as the Witch herself, these henchmen soar onto the scene to kidnap Dorothy and Toto — thank you to the magic of piano wires.
Even so, the aeriform stunt went awry when several of the piano wires snapped, sending actors plummeting a few feet to the soundstage floor. To create such a vast troupe of monkeys (and cutting down on man marionettes), filmmakers fabricated miniature rubber monkeys to assist populate the sky.
"Over the Rainbow" Was Near on the Cutting Room Floor
To no one's surprise, the American Pic Found ranked "Over the Rainbow" #1 on a list of 100 Greatest Songs in American Films. But what may surprise you lot? The (arguably) most iconic song of Judy Garland's career was nearly cutting from the moving-picture show.
Studio execs at MGM thought the vocal fabricated the Kansas scenes too long. Moreover, filmmakers were concerned that children wouldn't empathise the vocal's pregnant. Luckily, this unfounded concern melted like lemon drops. Unfortunately, Garland'due south tearful reprise of the song was left on the cutting room flooring.
The Can Human Costume Didn't Allow Jack Haley to Rest Easy
Although Bert Lahr had to schlep around in a xc-pound lion costume, Jack Haley didn't have information technology like shooting fish in a barrel either. From the lingering concerns about the aluminum paste-based makeup on his face and hands to the minimal flexibility of the "tin" torso and artillery, Haley faced some challenges.
Reportedly, his costume was so stiff that he had to lean against a board to residual properly. Many years later on, actor Anthony Daniels, known for playing the protocol droid C-3PO in the Star Wars films, had the same issue with his rigid costume. It seems even fantasy and sci-fi can't assist folks escape all their problems.
The Original Tin Homo Was Rushed to the Hospital
Initially, Buddy Ebsen was bandage as the Scarecrow, but traded parts with Ray Bolger. Still, Ebsen's new graphic symbol, the Tin Man, acquired him a earth of issues. Namely, the character'southward silvery makeup contained a harmful aluminum grit that coated Ebsen's lungs.
To make matters worse, Ebsen had an allergic reaction, and, unable to breathe, he was rushed to the hospital. MGM recast the role with Jack Haley (and changed up the makeup), but didn't explain why Ebsen "dropped out." Although Ebsen didn't appear in the final film, his vocals tin can be heard in "Nosotros're Off to Come across the Wizard."
A Stocking & Some Miniatures Gave Us the Tornado
The tornado that strikes the Gale homestead is total of practical special furnishings that really concord up. The funnel itself was actually a 35-foot long stocking fabricated of muslin. The special effects team spun it around miniatures that resembled the farms and fields of Kansas. Against the painted properties, the tornado looks menacing.
The Gale house, which falls from the sky and into Oz, is simply a miniature firm that was dropped onto a sky painting. Filmmakers so reversed the footage to brand information technology wait like the house was falling out of the clouds.
Hollywood Didn't Pay Up Then Either
Pay inequality has always been an issue in Hollywood. For example, Adriana Caselotti, vocalism of the titular character in Walt Disney'due south Snow White and the Vii Dwarfs (1937), made $970 for her performance. The flick went on to brand roughly $8 million.
According to the Los Angeles Times, Judy Garland's pay was improve than Caselotti's — playing Dorothy earned her $500 a week — merely it still didn't reverberate the film's success. Even more discouraging, the folks who portrayed the citizens of Munchkinland were paid a mere $50 per calendar week. (Meanwhile, Terry the dog earned $125 per week equally Toto. A real yikes.)
Bert Lahr's Lion Costume Was Taxing
Originally, MGM idea information technology might cast its mascot — the bodily lion used in the studio's title card — equally the cowardly graphic symbol. Fortunately, for the safety of the actors and the creature, the filmmakers decided to bandage role player Bert Lahr as the anthropomorphic graphic symbol instead.
To brand a convincing animal, the costume department fashioned Lahr a ninety-pound outfit made from real panthera leo skin. However, the arc lights used on set made things a steamy 100 degrees during filming, which meant Lahr did a lot of sweating unrelated to his character's nerves. Each night, 2 stagehands dried the costume for the adjacent day.
The Initial Box Office Returns Were Uneven
The film started shooting in October of 1938 merely didn't wrap until March of 1939, racking up an unheard of $2,777,000 in costs. That'southward nearly $50 million adjusted for inflation. Upon its initial release, the picture show only earned $3 one thousand thousand at the box role — well-nigh $51.8 million past today'south standards.
Although that seems impressive for a Depression-era motion picture, remember that Disney fabricated $eight meg with Snow White and the 7 Dwarfs (1937). The Magician of Oz's modest success in the U.South. barely covered production and motion-picture show rights' costs — MGM paid $75,000 to the publisher for those — only success overseas fortunately bolstered the flick's returns.
The Dark Side of Oz in a Time Before "Me As well"
Judy Garland was just xvi years old when she was cast every bit Dorothy. Insecure and lonesome, she became addicted to amphetamines and barbiturates, which were often given to young actors to help them sleep after studios shot them upwards with adrenaline then they could work long hours.
The spotlight — and her damaging contract with MGM — didn't help, leading to her lifelong struggles with an eating disorder and alcoholism. According to a writer for Express, "[Garland] was molested by older men, including studio chiefs [and caput Louis B. Mayer], who considered her little more their 'property.'" Moreover, MGM forced Garland to stick to a wildly unhealthy diet of cigarettes, coffee and craven soup.
The Voice of Snow White Had a Cameo
A few years before The Wizard of Oz debuted, Walt Disney's feature-length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) became a blast-hitting. Not only did the film revolutionize the animation industry, it also reinvigorated the fantasy genre.
Disney wanted to follow up Snow White — so the nearly successful film of all time — with an accommodation of The Wizard of Oz, just MGM owned the rights. By happenstance, Adriana Caselotti, who voiced Snowfall White, had an uncredited role in Oz. During the Can Homo's "If I Only Had a Eye," Caselotti speaks her sole line, "Wherefore fine art g Romeo?"
The Crimson Slippers Are Props & Treasured Artifacts
Keeping in line with the book, Dorothy'due south iconic footwear was originally silverish, but screenwriter Noel Langley felt the cherry-red color would really pop in glorious Technicolor. Designed by MGM's chief costume designer Gilbert Adrian, the shoes are each covered in well-nigh 2,300 sequins.
One of the remaining pairs is on view in the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History. Since the display is so heavily trafficked, the museum has replaced the carpet at that place several times. Some other pair were stolen from Minnesota's Judy Garland Museum in 2005, just the FBI recovered the slippers for the institution in 2018.
Only One Sequence Was Filmed "On Location"
The Wizard of Oz is your classic chance story, and Dorothy'due south quest leads her from a Kansas farm to another world — complete with corn fields, poppy-filled meadows and forests. Withal, despite all these breathtaking locations, most all the scenes were shot on a soundstage.
As was customary at the time, immense, detailed backdrops were painted by studio artists, making it possible for filmmakers to transport audiences to far abroad places without filming on location. In fact, the only location footage in the picture is the opening title sequence — those clouds are 100% the real deal.
A Second Toto Was Brought In
Toto, played primarily by Terry, is one of the nearly beloved dogs in motion-picture show history. Terry was famously not a huge fan of special effects and can frequently be seen running out of a shot when something loud or alarming happens — like when the Tin can Man spouts out all of that steam.
Later on one of the Witch'southward guards accidentally stepped on her, Terry was on bedrest for 2 weeks. Filmmakers went through two doubles to notice ane that resembled the original canine role player more closely.
Fun fact: Judy Garland was so fond of Terry that she wanted to prefer the dog.
Margaret Hamilton "Mourns the Wicked" Witch
In addition to being a huge fan of the Oz books, Margaret Hamilton also believed her character was more than than just your run-of-the-mill evil villain. More than than 35 years after the film debuted, Hamilton, donning her Witch'southward costume to prove kids it was brand-believe, appeared on Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, where Fred Rogers interviewed her about the grapheme.
According to Hamilton, the so-called Wicked Witch relished everything she did, but she was also a sad, solitary figure. In short, things never went well for the frustrated Witch. Oddly enough, the Broadway musical Wicked likewise takes this approach to the Witch's character.
The "Horse of a Dissimilar Color" Was Made Possible Thank you to a Food Production
In 1939, audiences were only as amazed as Dorothy, Scarecrow, Tin Man and the Cowardly Lion when the equus caballus in Emerald City took on a rainbow of colors. This "horse of a dissimilar color" was made possible cheers to a surprising food item…
Jell-O crystals were used to colour the horses, which meant filmmakers had to move speedily — the animals were eager to lick up the sugariness treat. But the colorful steed isn't the only interesting component in this fan-favorite scene. The equus caballus-drawn wagon was once owned by President Abraham Lincoln and now resides at the Judy Garland Museum.
The Makeup Section Hired on Extra Hands
From the citizens of Munchkinland and Emerald Urban center to the Witch's flying monkeys, so many actors had to undergo a makeup transformation in guild to give life to this fantasy movie. To keep up with the daily demands, MGM called upon workers from the studio mailroom and courier service to manage makeup stations.
Since most of the Ozian ensemble required prosthetics, makeup artists — and "makeshift" artists — formed a kind of costuming assembly line. Near actors had to arrive before 5:00 in the morning — vi days a calendar week! — to brainstorm the intensive process.
Memorable (& Often Misquoted) Lines Fill the Picture
The film is chock-full of iconic, memorable songs, and information technology has the nifty fortune of being responsible for some of the most quoted lines in film history as well. In 2007, Premiere compiled a list of "The 100 Greatest Picture show Lines" and placed a whopping three of the film's lines on the list.
"Pay no attention to that man behind the curtain" was voted #24, while "There'due south no place like habitation" nabbed the 11th spot. Finally, the frequently misquoted "Toto, I have a feeling we're not in Kansas anymore" landed in the 62nd spot.
The Witch'south Fire Employed Some Technical Wizardry (& Juice)
Conspicuously, the technical wizardry — or witchcraft — in the motion picture is incredible. Like the "horse of a different color" sequence, some other iconic, special furnishings-heavy scene harnessed the ability of everyday household items to pull off fun tricks.
Shortly afterward Dorothy arrives in Munchkinland, the Wicked Witch tries to snatch the blood-red slippers from the young girl's feet. However, fire strikes the Witch'southward hands, repelling her. This "fire" is actually apple juice spouting from the slippers in a sped-upwards clip to make it look more flame-like.
Technicolor Required Some Ingenuity in the Props Department
Experimenting with Technicolor was function fun and part problem-solving for filmmakers. In order to properly capture scenes with the Technicolor camera, the soundstage needed to be lit with arc lights, which often heated the ready up to a toasty 100 degrees.
After the lights were set, the experts experimented with what would look best on movie, specially in colorized form. For case, the white part of Dorothy'south apparel is actually pink — but because information technology filmed improve. And the oil the Tin Man is so excited near? It's actually chocolate syrup.
The Wicked Witch of the Eastward Makes More than Than 1 Appearance
Role of the Wicked Witch of the West'due south beef with Dorothy is that the young girl dropped a house on her sister, the Wicked Witch of the Eastward, who was the curt-lived owner of the cherry-red slippers. Although Margaret Hamilton already plays both the Wicked Witch of the West and her Kansas counterpart Almira Gulch, she also plays the Wicked Witch of the East — if merely briefly.
During the tornado sequence, an addled Dorothy looks out her bedroom window and watches Gulch transform into a witch, her shoes shimmering. For fans, this glint indicates the witch outside the window is wearing the ruby slippers. The restored version of the moving-picture show makes that shimmer even more than noticeable.
The Pic's Running Time Was Cut Down Several Times
The offset cut of the pic clocked in at a running time of 120 minutes. Although that seems like zero by today's Curiosity movie standards, producer Mervyn LeRoy felt it was long and unwieldy and wanted to chop off 20 minutes.
Later cutting the famed "Jitterbug" number (top right) and an extended Scarecrow dance sequence, the film was 112 minutes long. LeRoy held a second preview screening, and, later on, nixed Dorothy's "Over the Rainbow" reprise, an Emerald City reprise of "Ding! Dong! The Witch Is Dead," a scene where the Tin Man becomes a human beehive (Yikes!) and a few Kansas sequences.
So Much for a "Wicked" Witch
Filmmakers accounted Margaret Hamilton'southward Wicked Witch of the West performance too frightening for audiences and cutting or trimmed many of her scenes. Merely not everyone thought her performance was terrifying — namely Judy Garland, who played the Wicked Witch'southward nemesis, Dorothy Gale.
Off-screen, the moving picture'due south starring foes were actually friends. One story that emerged from the gear up described Garland excitedly showing off a dress to Hamilton, declaring she was going to wear information technology for her graduation. Unfortunately, MGM'southward Louis B. Mayer sent Garland on a printing tour the mean solar day of her graduation. Upset, Hamilton phoned Mayer and chewed him out.
Giving Credit to Technicolor
In the opening credits, the text reads "Photographed in Technicolor," as opposed to the more than apt "Color Sequences past Technicolor." The phrasing of the credits makes it seem as though the unabridged picture show was shot in colour. Was this done deliberately, or was it a minor syntactical fake pas?
Information technology's widely believed this was a bit of a stunt done to heighten the surprise of the picture turning into full three-strip Technicolor when Dorothy arrives in Oz. Posters made at the fourth dimension of the film's debut made no mention of sepia tint (or "black-and-white"), adding credence to this theory.
One of History's Most-Watched Films
Although The Wizard of Oz proved popular in theaters, another film released the same yr, also directed by Victor Fleming, really topped the box office. (You lot may have heard of that piddling movie — it's called Gone with the Wind.) Nonetheless, MGM'south musical fantasy may have more staying ability than other films of the era, thanks in function to re-releases.
The motion-picture show was showtime broadcast on television on November iii, 1956, and garnered an impressive 44 million viewers. Information technology's believed that The Sorcerer of Oz is one of the 10 most-watched characteristic-length movies in picture history, largely due to the number of annual goggle box screenings, theater viewings and various format re-releases.
Source: https://www.ask.com/entertainment/wizard-of-oz-facts?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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